- FACING: It is the operation of finishing the ends of the work to make the piece of required length.
- Centering : It is the operation of producing conical holes on the ends of work piece.
- Chamfering : It is done to remove burrs,to protect the end of the work piece from being damaged,to enable nut to pass freely on threaded work piece.
- Thread cutting :It is the operation of producing helical grooves on a cylindrical or conical surface.
- Knurling : It is the process of embossing a diamond shaped regular pattern on the surface of a work piece .
- Grooving : It is the process of reducing the diameter of a work piece over a very narrow surface.
- It is also called Necking.
7. Under-cutting : It is the process of boring a groove or a large hole at a fixed -distance from the end of a hole.
- square nose parting tool is used for this purpose.
8. Parting : It is the operation of cutting a work piece after it has been machined to the desired size and shape.
9.Boring : It is the operation of enlarging and truing a hole previously made by some other process.
10. Reaming : It is the operation of finishing and sizing a hole which has been previously drilled or bored.
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